生产链供应链

A production chain is a series of activities or processes used to produce goods and services. Supply chain management is the management of a network of interconnected businesses that are involved in the ultimate provision of a product or service. It is the organization and management of the resources needed to provide a product or service.

生产链是一系列用于生产货物和服务的活动或过程。供应链管理是指管理一个参与最终提供产品或服务的互相连接的企业网络的管理。这是为提供产品或服务所需资源的组织和管理。

The production chain is usually divided into four main stages: design, production, distribution, and service.

生产链通常分为四个主要阶段：设计，生产，分销和服务。

Design: This is the process of planning, designing, and testing products and processes. Designers create the products or processes that will be produced or sold.

设计：这是计划，设计和测试产品和过程的过程。设计师创建将要生产或销售的产品或过程。

Production: This is the process of producing products and services. Production involves all of the activities required to manufacture or provide a product or service. These activities range from raw material procurement and production to the sale or delivery of the product or service.

生产：这是生产产品和服务的过程。生产涉及所有必要的活动来制造或提供产品或服务。这些活动从原材料采购和生产到产品或服务的销售或交付。

Distribution: This is the process of getting products and services to customers and other stakeholders. Distribution is the process of delivering goods and services to the final destination. This includes transportation, warehousing, and stock management among other activities.

分销：这是将产品和服务带给客户和其他利益相关方的过程。分销是将货物和服务交付到最终地点的过程。这包括运输，仓储和库存管理等活动。

Service: This is the process of providing customer service and support. Service encompasses activities such as customer service, technical support, and warranties.

服务：这是提供客户服务和支持的过程。服务包括客户服务，技术支持和保修等活动。

The production chain is closely linked to the supply chain. The production chain is concerned with the production of products and services while the supply chain is concerned with the management of resources needed to produce and distribute products and services. The production chain is the backbone of the supply chain. Without effective production, supply chains cannot exist.

生产链与供应链密切相关。生产链涉及产品和服务的生产，而供应链涉及生产和分销产品和服务所需的资源的管理。生产链是供应链的支柱。没有有效的生产，供应链就不存在。

The production chain and the supply chain are both necessary for an efficient, effective, and profitable organization. Both are vital components of an organization’s operations and both have a huge impact on the organization’s success. Consequently, organizations must strive for the optimization of both the production chain and the supply chain in order to maximize the efficiency and success of their operations.